Lo nyaka uqopha iminyaka engama-20 iChina yangena kwiNhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlaba. Kusukela iShayina yangena ku-WTO, imboni ye-electromechanical yaseShayina ihlanganiswe ngokushesha ochungechungeni lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke, futhi izinga layo lokuhweba liye landa ngokushesha. Sesiphenduke “ingxenye yohwebo oluphelele lwaseShayina ngezimpahla,” lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubalele cishe u-60%. Umphumela wokudonsa usobala.

Ngo-2020, naphezu kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe eziphindelelayo zomhlaba kanye nokuncipha kohwebo lwangaphandle lwamazwe ahlukahlukene, ukuthunyelwa kweChina kwemikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi kufinyelele ku-5.7%, okuholele ekwenyukeni ngo-3.3% kwezimpahla zaseChina ngalowo nyaka, futhi kwaqhubeka nokukhula. dlala indima ebalulekile njengokuqinisa uhwebo lwangaphandle.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, uhwebo lwaseShayina lwemishini kanye nogesi luqhubekile nokukhula ngokushesha. Kusukela ngoNtulikazi wonyaka odlule, ukuthunyelwa kwemishini nogesi emazweni angaphandle kuzuze ukukhula okuphindwe kabili izinyanga eziyi-14 zilandelana. Ukwenyuka kwanyanga zonke kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kube phezulu kunesilinganiso esingokomlando sesikhathi esifanayo ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-30 izinyanga eziyi-10 zilandelana. Phakathi kwayo, imikhiqizo ehlukanisiwe ebalele ngaphezu kuka-90% yenani lokuthekelisa lenyuka unyaka nonyaka, futhi ukwanda kwenani lokuthekelisa ezimakethe ezibalulekile ezifana ne-Europe, America, Japan, South Korea, kanye ne-ASEAN ngokuvamile kudlule ama-30. %, ekhuthaze ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yaseShayina eyimishini nogesi ukuze kudlule izinga lokukhula “kwezinhlelo zeminyaka emihlanu” emine edlule. Umgoqo wokwehla nokuqubuka kwalolu bhubhane kungene “esikhathini sepulatifomu” esisha ngesilinganiso esiphelele, futhi “Iminyaka Eyi-14 Yeminyaka Emihlanu” yohwebo lwemishini nogesi lwangaphandle lwanda futhi lwathuthukisa isiteshi saba yindawo entsha yokuqala.

Uhwebo lwemishini nogesi lwangaphandle lugcina ukukhula okuphezulu, futhi inani lokuhweba liyaqhubeka nokukhula ngezinga eliphezulu

Ngaphansi kwethonya lalolu bhubhane, ukuguqulwa kwezindlela zokuhlala nezitayela zehhovisi kwezakhamuzi kukhuphule isidingo sesikhathi eside semishini yezokuxhumana yedijithali njengamakhompyutha aphathekayo, amaphilisi, amaseva, nezinto zikagesi zasendlini, okokuqina kanye nemishini yokuvuselela, amathuluzi kagesi neminye imikhiqizo yasekhaya. , okuphakamisa ukuzinza kokukhiqizwa kwemboni ye-electromechanical yaseChina. Imvelo, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokuthunyelwa kwemishini nogesi. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-August 2021, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kwemikhiqizo yemishini nekagesi kufinyelele ku-US$1.23 trillion, okuwukukhula okubalulekile konyaka nonyaka ngama-34.4% kanye nokwenyuka ngo-32.5% ngonyaka ka-2019. Izinga lokukhula elijwayelekile leminyaka emibili lalicishe libe ngu-15%, ebalelwa ku-58.8% wesamba sokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla zaseShayina ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kugcwele ukuqina.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukutholwa kabusha kwamandla okukhiqiza angaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe kukhuthaze ukukhula kokuthengwa kwemikhiqizo emaphakathi yaseChina evela kwamanye amazwe njengamasekhethi adidiyelwe, izingxenye zamakhompiyutha kanye nezinsizakusebenza, kanye nezingxenye zezimoto, okusekela ukusebenza kahle kokungeniswa kwemishini nogesi eChina. Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala, ukuqoqwa kwempahla ethengwayo kwamanye amazwe bekungamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-734.02, ukukhuphuka konyaka ngonyaka ngama-27.5% kanye nokukhuphuka ngama-26% ngonyaka ka-2019. Izinga lokukhula eliphakathi kweminyaka emibili lalicishe libe ngu-12.3%. Izimpahla ezithengwe ngaphandle eziqoqiwe zibalele ku-42.4% wesamba sempahla engenisiwe yaseChina ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kusukela ngoNcwaba, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo yemishini kanye nekagesi yaseShayina nyanga zonke kuye kwakhula ngamadijithi amabili izinyanga eziyi-12 zilandelana, futhi ngokokuqala ngqá ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zilandelana, ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kweqe amabhiliyoni angama-US$90.